proclaiming the gospel to the Jew first and also to the Greek. Shalom and welcome to the Everlasting Nation, a radio ministry of International Board of Jewish Missions. This is Mark Oshman with the International Board of Jewish Missions, bringing you another radio Bible program. With this session, we conclude our series regarding angels in the Bible. Let's turn our attention to 1 Corinthians. In that epistle, Paul penned three cryptic remarks regarding angels. He described apostles such as himself as, quote, a spectacle unto the world and to angels and to men, unquote. This passage can be found in 1 Corinthians chapter 4 and raises the question, in what sense could Paul regard himself as a spectacle unto angels? Theatron, the Greek word translated as spectacle, could refer to a location for holding athletic competitions or a place to hold theatrical productions. Employed metaphorically, the term theatron denoted anyone who appeared in such displays, sometimes as an object of public ridicule. By his phraseology, Paul may have implicitly compared himself to a prisoner placed in a Roman arena. someone perhaps having to fight for his life against wild beasts. While Paul did so, members of the crowd could gaze upon him. Some of them would mock his struggles to survive, while others rooted for his triumph over his adversities. According to the twelfth chapter of the book of Hebrews, a large group of witnesses, probably including, quote, an innumerable company of angels, unquote, A large group of witnesses beheld every believer's travails. In 1 Corinthians 4, Paul might have been reminding the Corinthian believers that just as angels witnessed his conduct, angels would do the same for them and witness their behavior. Knowledge of that fact obligated them to fight the good fight, as Paul himself did. Another passage can be found in 1 Corinthians 6 regarding angels. The Apostle Paul mentioned that Christians would judge angels. And the question arises, what criteria of judgment will such Christians use? Commentators disagree over whether these angelic entities denoted God's angels or the devil's fallen angels. The former interpretation seems unlikely, since the angels in heaven remain sinless and loyal to God. Thus, the reference might allude to Christians judging the devil's angels, that is, demons. Yet, believers need to remember what Jesus Christ said in the fifth chapter of John's Gospel, namely, how God, quote, hath given him authority to execute judgment also, unquote. Since Christians will reign with Jesus Christ, they will thereby exercise his delegated authority to render judgments, judgments even against the devil's emissaries. Believers can testify firsthand to the baleful effects such demons have had on them as a way of confirming the demon's guilt. The final passage in 1 Corinthians can be found in the 11th chapter of that book. Paul indicated that, quote, for this cause ought the women to have power on her head, because of the angels." The cause in question, namely women wearing head coverings, the cause in question derived from a cultural custom of that era, in which married women wore head coverings as a means of showing their subjection to their husbands. Such an act of submission acknowledged the chain of authority that God delegated to mankind. As Paul declared earlier in that same chapter of 1 Corinthians, quote, the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is the man, and the head of Christ is God, unquote. By having their heads covered, married women would set an example for the angels in heaven, a reminder to them that they too needed to submit to God and His authority. This is Mark Oshman with the International Board of Jewish Missions. bringing you another Radio Bible broadcast. You've been listening to The Everlasting Nation, a ministry of International Board of Jewish Missions. For more information, you can contact us at 423-876-8150 or go online to ibjm.org. Until next time, may God bless and Shalom!