So we've been in just a little study. of Psalm 110 and sort of supplementing our study in Hebrews, because the writer of Hebrews refers to Psalm 110 so much, in fact more than any other writer. So, last time we looked at the New Testament uses of Psalm 110, except for we did not cover the usages in Hebrews. So, the New Testament writers, we saw that they were entirely consistent in their usage of Psalm 110 as far as what that psalm means, as far as the timing, particularly of Psalm 110 verse 1 is concerned. So, while Jesus was on earth, the right hand prophecy of Psalm 110 verse 1 had not been fulfilled. But clearly, this psalm prophesied something to be fulfilled concerning the Messiah, the Son of David, and the future. So now we do want to look at the usage of Psalm 110 in Hebrews and sort of finish this study up. Of course, Hebrews quotes or refers to Psalm 110 more than any other New Testament book. Hebrews is the only New Testament book that quotes Psalm 110 in verse 4. Hebrews is also consistent with the rest of the New Testament concerning this psalm as we have seen. Psalm 110, this Psalm of David, the Lord said unto my Lord, sit thou at my right hand until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion. Rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning thou hast to do of thy youth. The Lord hath sworn and will not repent. Thou art a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of His wrath. He shall judge among the heathen. He shall fill the places with the dead bodies. He shall wound the heads over many countries. He shall drink of the brook in the way. Therefore shall He lift up the head." Alright, so that's Psalm 110. So we want to consider the usage in Hebrews of this particular psalm. Now you've seen this little chart before. down just a little bit. So this went along with our study in Hebrews, essentially the chapters showing up here in this column, and the subject matter on the left, so Son, Savior, and King is dominant in those first three chapters. Chapters 4-10, High Priest. Chapters 11-13, Practical Applications. And then we have just sort of the scattering of what appears in Hebrews pertaining to Jesus Christ, His person and His priesthood. And you can sort of tell by looking just visually that the priesthood section over here on the right-hand side is heavier, it's denser than any of these other references, although they are important. But obviously the priesthood of Jesus Christ is a very important subject in the letter to Hebrews. Now I also added, I didn't have this on here before, but I added this column here. to show those references that refer to Jesus being at the right hand, because all of those are either quotes or references to Psalm 110 and verse number one. So let's look at these references. Of course, Psalm 110 and verse one, the Lord said unto my Lord, sit thou at my right hand until I make thine enemies thy footstool. And so if we look at the references here in Hebrews, Hebrews 1.3, Speaking of Jesus, of course this is the very beginning of the letter, "...who, being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high." And so that's a reference to Psalm 110.1, and him being seated, being declared to be seated. Hebrews 1.13, but the witch of the angels said he at any time sit on my right hand until I make thine enemies thy footstool. So in the first part of Hebrews he's talking especially about the deity of Jesus Christ and that exaltation to the right hand and then a little later he's talking about His superiority to the angels and the fact that God has not exalted any angel to that position, but Jesus alone. Another reference in Hebrews 8.1, Now of the things which we have spoken, this is the sum. We have such a high priest who is set on the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens. And of course, this is a place where we get a blending of these two things. high priest, and sit in the right hand in the heavens. Of course, it's one of the reasons why the writer of Hebrews refers to this psalm so much. Because verse 1 speaks of him being seated at the right hand, and verse 4 speaks of Jesus as being declared to be a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. And so, this is one of those places where we see that he's combining those two things. Hebrews 10.12, but this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down at the right hand of God. Hebrews 12.2, looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. So all of these references refer back to Psalm 110.1, and of course in Hebrews you notice a difference. In Psalm 110.1, it's future. In Hebrews, it has occurred, it's occurring, it's presently that he refers to this. In fact, you go back to Hebrews 1.3, when he had by himself purged our sins. In other words, after he had made that sacrifice for sins, then he was set down on the right hand of the majesty on high. So if we look at the references to Psalm 110.4 that have to do specifically with the priesthood, So Hebrews 5.6, as you say if also in another place, thou art a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. This is a direct quote of Psalm 110.4. He later comments that Jesus was called of God and high priest after the order of Melchizedek. there in Hebrews 5.10. So in Hebrews 6.20, he says, Now in the context there in Hebrews 6, he's talking about entering in the veil, not the veil of the temple in Jerusalem, but entering into the heavens, into the very presence of God, into the true holy place in the heavens. So he has entered and is made a high priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. Hebrews 7, verses 1-11. For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham, returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him, to whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all, first being by interpretation king of righteousness, and after that also king of Salem, which is king of peace, without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like unto the Son of God, abideth the priest continually. Now consider how great this man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils. And verily they that are of the sons of Levi, who received the office of the priesthood, have a commandment to take tithes of the people according to the law that is of their brethren, even though they come out of the loins of Abraham. But he whose descent is not counted from them received tithes of Abraham, and blessed him that had the promises. And without all contradiction the less is blessed the better. And here men that die receive tithes, but there he receiveth them of whom it is witnessed that he liveth. And as I may so say, Levi also who receiveth tithes paid tithes in Abraham, for he was yet in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him. If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, for under it the people received the law, what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchizedek and not be called after the order of Aaron?" So that was a lot of context there in the beginning of Hebrews 7, but he's mainly referring to Genesis 14. and the account of Abraham and Melchizedek, but he's also here picking up on the fact that in Psalm 110.4, Jesus would be declared with an oath to be a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek, and that there's a distinction between the order of Aaron and the Order of Melchizedek, and this constitutes another priesthood or another order, one that is independent of the Old Covenant and the Levitical line. Hebrews 7, verses 14-17, For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Judah, of which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood. And it is yet far more evident, for that after the similitude of Melchizedek there ariseth another priest, who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an endless life. For he testifieth that art a priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek. So again, he's pulling from Psalm 1104 and of course Genesis 14 as well, but showing just by the simple fact that Christ is made a priest after the order of Melchizedek and not after the order of Aaron, shows that there is another priesthood and another order. later in chapter 7, verses 20 and 21, And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest, for those priests were made without an oath, but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord swear and will not repent, thou art a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. And in this case, Psalm 110.4, he's picking up and emphasizing the fact that he was sworn with an oath to be a priest after the order of Melchizedek. Now, from studying Hebrews and going on from this point, we know what the writer of Hebrews is talking about. He's talking about the fact that his priesthood is of the new covenant, not of the old covenant. The Aaronic priesthood was of the old covenant. It was the Levitical priesthood, and we saw he even went on later to state that Jesus could not be a priest according to that order and in that tabernacle and temple. These are the uses that the writer of Hebrews has made of Psalm 110, particularly verse 1 and verse 4. We can see how he has connected those together to identify where Jesus is presently. We want to go back to Psalm 110, and we have identified certain events, and I did that at the very beginning of this study, and I spelled out nine different events in the course of this psalm. It could be counted a little bit differently, but once you study the psalm, and once you study the other usages of the psalm, and then you study the other passages of the Bible, this is a prophetic psalm, and you can see that there are really not all these different events, but there's just a few events that are spoken of. Some have more things given to them than others. There's essentially two places and there are two times that are spoken of in this psalm. The first is in the heavens in this present age. Now obviously all of this was future at the time that the psalm was written, but the writer of Hebrews is picking up on the fact that some of this has been fulfilled. Some of this is going on now in this present age. Jesus at the right hand, Jesus as a priest interceding for us in the heavens. So some of this has been fulfilled. So there's in the heavens in the present age, and then there's on the earth in the future age to come. So the main two events that are in the heavens and in the present age are Jesus sitting at the right hand in the heavens and Jesus being made a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. So as far as Jesus being seated at the right hand, we can We can take this from Hebrews and from the other usage of the New Testament of this psalm as to that this is in the present age. So we'll start here. What is this, Luke 22. In verse 69, this is when Jesus was being questioned by the high priest. Verse 69, Hereafter shall the Son of Man sit on the right hand of the power of God. Now, this is during Jesus' trial, so this is before His crucifixion. And He's saying, after this, the Son of Man is going to be seated on the right hand of the power of God. We could go to Acts chapter 2. And verse number 33, this is Peter on the day of Pentecost, saying, Therefore, being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promises of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this which ye now see and hear. This is after Jesus was raised up there in verse 32. The reference to the right hand here is God exalting, raising Jesus up from the dead in His exaltation. So this is a reference to him being seated presently after that he ascended. And he goes on to say in verse 34, David's not ascended. David wrote this psalm, but David's not ascended into the heavens and sat down at the right hand of God. And then he goes on to quote Psalm 1101, the Lord said unto my Lord, sit thou on my right hand until I make thy foes thy footstool. So again, Peter is pointing to the fact on the day of Pentecost, that after Jesus had ascended to heaven, that this is presently taking place. Later in Acts, in the testimony of Stephen before the council. He talks about there, but he, that Stephen, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up steadfastly into heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing on the right hand of God. In other words, that's where he was after that he ascended, what you read about there in Acts chapter 1. Paul in his letter to the Romans in Romans 8, verse 34, he asked, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us." Now again, that's an interesting blend, because you've got Jesus at the right hand of God in the present age, but also interceding, which is His service as a priest. So in a way, you could say that there's even sort of an oblique reference to Psalm 110.4, as well as a clear reference to Psalm 110. And as far as the timing of when that took place, Paul's letter to the Colossians in chapter 3 and verse 1, And he obviously means now, presently. That is, where he is at on the right hand of God. And we already looked at Hebrews 8. We have such an high priest who is set on the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens. So clearly Psalm 110.1 has been fulfilled. That is where Jesus is presently, and that is where he will be until. So the first part has been fulfilled, is presently being fulfilled. The next part, we'll wait for a little while. But in reference to the everlasting priesthood, The writer of Hebrews joins these things together as these things are happening concurrently. In other words, Jesus at the right hand of God is also at the same time a priest after the order of Melchizedek. In Hebrews 4.14, he said, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our profession. We looked at some other verses in Hebrews 6.20, again Hebrews 8.1 that we looked at just again a moment ago that speak of that Jesus is now as a priest in the heavens, in the presence of God, in the true holy place. So Psalm 110.1 and 110.4 in terms of being a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek, These are things that are being fulfilled in the present age and in the heavens. Now, as we come back to Psalm 110.1, and really the rest of this psalm, there is another place and another time that's referred to, and that is on the earth, and that is the future age to come. And this word until is important. It's emphasized by the New Testament writers as being important. So what are the events on the earth in the future age to come in this psalm? Well, one of the primary events that we could really speak of would be the Day of the Lord, the Day of Yahweh, the Day of Wrath, the Day of Thy Power in verse 3, the Day of His Wrath in verse 5. So this day of the Lord, this day of wrath, and what is going to happen on this day of the Lord, the day of His wrath? Well, He's going to strike through kings, so the judge among the nations, and that is Goyim there for nations. He's going to fill the nations with dead bodies as a result of his judgment. He's going to crush the heads, kings, princes, whatever, over many countries, lands, and nations of that sort. And again, fill those nations with the bodies of the slain. And so in the day of his wrath, which comes at the end of this age, beginning of the age to come. It is what is prophesied, probably the most graphic description that we get is there in Revelation 19, when Jesus comes to the earth and has the sword out of his mouth and he slays all of his enemies there in Revelation 19, the vultures and whatnot are gathered together, again, reference to the bodies of those that are slain in the day of His wrath. So the day of wrath, the day of Yahweh, but it's also a day of wrath, but it's also a day of power. So the day of the Lord does have terrible wrath, terrible judgment that comes with it, But there's also a good side to it. And that is the gathering of and restoration of Israel. So in the day of His power, He's going to subdue nations, make the enemies His footstool, rule in the midst of the enemies, He's going to, the rod of his strength is going to come out of Zion. He's going to rule over them, and he's going to gather and restore, and again we have... Here, singular, nation, used with the possessive, thy nation, thy ethnic people, it's referenced to Israel, and they will be willing in the day of thy power, they're going to be gathered and restored. Now, when Jesus subdues the nations in the day of his wrath, and he's gonna sit on that throne, or sit at the right hand until his enemies are made his footstool. Well, that is not presently happening. So Hebrews 2, verse 8, Thou hast put all things in subjection under his feet. For in that he put all in subjection under him. He left nothing that's not put under him. But now we see not yet all things put under him. So there's clearly a difference. And just as we said, there's this preposition here, until. So this is happening in the heavens, this will happen on the earth when He will subdue the nations. And as far as the gathering and restoration of Israel, Let's go to Zechariah chapter 12 and verse number 10. I will pour upon the house of David and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem the spirit of grace and supplications and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced and they shall mourn for him as one mourneth for his only son and shall be in bitterness for him as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn." So there's going to be a great repentance of Israel. At His coming, at this great day of the Lord, there's going to be a turning of Israel. They're going to embrace Jesus as the Messiah and numerous benefits that come from that. like Isaiah chapter 27 and verse number 6, And of course we know from the Abrahamic covenant that God had promised this seed nation to Abraham and through them to bless all the nations of the earth which will come ultimately to fulfillment in that time of that millennial reign of Jesus Christ. According to Matthew chapter 19 and verse 28 when Jesus was speaking to his apostles, Verily I say unto you that ye which have followed me in the regeneration in the restoration of all things. When the Son of Man shall sit in the throne of His glory, ye also shall sit upon the twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel, which he makes clear in Matthew 25. that he's not going to sit on that throne of glory until he comes in the clouds with power and great glory when he comes from the right hand of God. So we have reference to this day of the Lord and sort of looking beyond that in the age to come as well. Toward that millennial reign, toward that kingdom, it talks here of His head being lifted up. He shall lift up the head. And that's a reference to being exalted. And we saw that in Psalm 3. I wanted to say verse 3 or 4, it has a reference to being exalted to kingship. Psalm 24 also, maybe verse 7, I didn't write those down, but maybe verse 7 he talks about him lifting up his head and that refers to exaltation to kingship. So when He comes, when He comes from the right hand of God, when He comes to this earth in that age to come and He executes that judgment of the great day of God's wrath, He will be lifted up in essence. He will sit in a throne of His glory there in Zion, in Jerusalem, to rule over the nations. So we could look at Zechariah chapter 14, look at really this whole chapter, but Zechariah 14, nine, and the Lord shall be king over all the earth. In that day shall there be one Lord and his name one. Of course, prior to this, he talks about him returning to the Mount of Olives before Jerusalem. In chapter, still here in chapter 14, but verses 16 to 19, and it shall come to pass that everyone that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem. So in the beginning of Zechariah 14, he comes to the earth against everyone that is gathered against Israel, and he destroys all of his enemies. And of those nations that are left, which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and keep the feast of tabernacles." So he's talking about the nations here going up to Jerusalem. This is in that millennial kingdom when nations all over the world will be going to Jerusalem to worship the King. And it shall be that whoso will not come up of all the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain. And if the family of Egypt go not up and come not that have no rain, there shall be the plague wherewith the Lord will smite the heathen or the nations that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles. This shall be the punishment of Egypt and the punishment of all nations that come not up to keep the feast of tabernacles." So this describes an age when, as put in some prophecies, Psalm 2 refers to him ruling with that rod of iron. In other words, we have, even in Psalm 110, references to him ruling amongst the nations and amongst his enemies. Now we know that when he comes, there's not going to be any unsaved that enter into that kingdom. That kingdom is to last 4,000 years. And clearly there will still be death in that time, as Isaiah prophesies about that. We know that there's going to be ultimately a rebellion at the end of that millennial kingdom in Revelation 20, that we read about that. So there's still going to be death, there's going to be birth, there's going to be life on the earth, marrying and all those sort of things are going to be taking place. And so as others are born, there will be unbelievers. And He will rule with a rod of iron, because any that are not obedient will be punished. That's what He's talking about here in Zechariah chapter number 14. So when He refers to Him ruling in the midst of His enemies and among the nations, So entering into that millennial kingdom will be the saved. But as that time presses on, they're going to enter in their mortal bodies. They're still alive. They're going to enter in their mortal bodies. And so there's going to be life. Now the curse will be lifted. We read about the earth's going to bring forth in great abundance. You know, work is not going to have the kind of futility to it that it does now. There's a lot of blessings that are going to exist at that time. But also there will be those that come up, unbelievers, and ultimately rebel against him. And of course then we know what happens. when they're all Satan and all cast into the lake of fire and in the final judgment in the eternal ages. So these are the events that are spoken of in Psalm 110. We can see there's a consistency in the way that they're used. We see a consistency in the timing or sequence of these events with other portions of scripture that refer directly to Psalm 110 and others that do not. So again, the writer of Hebrews used this psalm extensively, more than any other writer, and he primarily wrote about the New Covenant and the priesthood of Christ. That's primarily what the writer of Hebrews wrote about. But he used this psalm consistently and he put these things together and even gives indication of timing of events that some of these things have come, like Jesus is at the right hand. Then he goes on to say in Hebrews chapter 9, he's going to come again the second time When he does that, it's not going to be as a sin-bearer, it's not going to be as a sin-sacrifice. It's going to become as a savior and as a victor, one who's going to rule over the nations. So in this present age, After His ascension, Jesus is at the right hand of the Father and He serves as priest. And that is His work that is presently going on, that will continue to go on there until the time comes. for him to come to the earth and to subdue the nations. He has been made a priest with an everlasting priesthood after the order of Melchizedek, and serves in the holy place in the heavens, interceding for those who believe in him. but He will come again. Both the writer of Hebrews and Paul and Peter both have referred to that fact, that that's temporary. He's there, He's there presently, that's only for a time. It's only until He comes again and He will bring His kingdom to this earth.