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In 1 Chronicles 19 we have David's
condolences and war with the children of Ammon, Joab's bravery,
and Israel's repeated victory. Hear now the Word of Almighty
God inspired by His Spirit and profitable for us. 1 Chronicles
19, the whole chapter starting at verse 1. Now it came to pass
after this that Nahash, the king of the children of Ammon died,
and his son reigned in his stead. And David said, I will show kindness
unto Hanun, the son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness
to me. And David sent messengers to
comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came
into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun to comfort
him. But the princes of the children
of Ammon said to Hanun, thinkest thou that David doth honor thy
father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? Are not his servants
come unto thee for to search and to overthrow and to spy out
the land? Wherefore Hanun took David's
servants and shaved them and cut off their garments in the
midst hard by their buttocks and sent them away. Then there
went certain and told David how the men were served. And he sent
to meet them, for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king
said, tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then
return. And when the children of Ammon
saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the
children of Ammon sent 1,000 talents of silver to hire them
chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia and out of Syria
Maaka and out of Zoba. And they hired 30 and 2,000 chariots
and the king of Maaka and his people who came and pitched before
Medeba and the children of Ammon gathered themselves together
from their cities and came to battle. And when David heard
of it, he sent Joab and all the host of the mighty men. And the
children of Ammon came out and put the battle in array before
the gate of the city. And the kings that were come
were by themselves in the field. Now when Joab saw that the battle
was set against him before and behind, he chose out of all the
choice of Israel and put them in array against the Syrians.
and the rest of the people he delivered unto the hand of Abishai,
his brother, and they set themselves in array against the children
of Ammon. And he said, if the Syrians be too strong for me,
then thou shalt help me. But if the children of Ammon
be too strong for thee, then I will help thee. Be of good
courage and let us behave ourselves valiantly for our people and
for the cities of our God and let the Lord do that which is
good in his sight. So Joab and the people that were
with him drew nigh before the Syrians unto the battle and they
fled before him. And when the children of Ammon
saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai
his brother and entered into the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem. And when the Syrians saw that
they were put to the worst before Israel, they sent messengers
and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river. And Shophok,
the captain of the host of Hadarizer, went before them. And it was
told David, and he gathered all Israel and passed over Jordan
and came upon them and set the battle in array against them.
So when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians,
they fought with him. And the Syrians fled before Israel. And David slew of the Syrians
7,000 men which fought in chariots and 40,000 footmen and killed
Shofak, the captain of the host. And when the servants of Hadarizer
saw that they were put to the worst before Israel, they made
peace with David and became his servants. Neither would the Syrians
help the children of Ammon anymore. Thus far the reading of God's
inspired word. May the Lord bless us in the
reading and hearing of it and now in consideration of its teachings.
This chapter is likewise a parallel passage to a chapter in 2 Samuel,
this being 2 Samuel 10. Verses one through four, we have
David's civil condolences to the king of Ammon and the incivil
reply of the king. This is parallel in 2 Samuel
10 verses one through four. Note verse one, Nahash the king
of the children of Ammon died. The name Nahash being added is
not put in in 2 Samuel 10 verse 1. Although here, Hanan, his
son, is named as well. 2 Samuel 10 verse 1. Verse 2,
David sent messengers to comfort by the hand of his servants in
2 Samuel 10 verse 2. His servants were his messengers.
We are told here in verse 4 that they were shaved One half of
their beards is identified in 2 Samuel 10, for here it is a
crystallization or a summarization of what's in 2 Samuel 10. Verses five through seven, we
have David's just resentment of these shameful actions and
the war which broke out for them. This is paralleled in 2 Samuel
10, five and six, as here in five through seven. We find out
a fragment gathered up here in 1 Chronicles 10,000, or excuse
me, 1,000 talents of silver. We are told that they hired them
in 2 Samuel 10.6, but not the sum of money that they paid in
order to hire them. That's given to us here. Also
notice verse six mentions Mesopotamia. Now mezzo means the middle or
a division and potamia is rivers. Mesopotamia is the division of
two rivers. The Hebrew word here is Aram
Naharaim, which means Aram of the two rivers. So Mesopotamia
is the Greek word, Aram Naharaim is the Hebrew. Now, if you'll
recall, Aram Naharaim or Mesopotamia is where Abraham's servant went
to get Isaac a wife, Genesis 24 verse 10. In fact, Balaam
was also from this place, Deuteronomy 23 verse 5, and this is described
as the location of Joab's slaughter of Moab in the title of Psalm
60. Now verse seven tells us that
they hired 32,000 chariots and the king of Maacah and his people. Now in 2 Samuel 10 verse six,
we read of 20,000, and the king of Maacah and 1,000 men, and
of Ishtob 12,000 men. So this, what we're reading here,
32,000 is the conglomeration of the 20,000 from the king of
Maacah, and the 12,000 from Ishtob, and then the Maacah and his people,
the extra 1,000 are not mentioned in 1 Chronicles by number, but
only by name. So then we have Joab's bravery
in verses 8 through 13. This is paralleled in 2 Samuel
10 verses 7 through 12. You'll notice here in verse 13,
Joab makes a statement. This is perhaps one of the highlights
of Joab's career in the Bible. Let us behave ourselves valiantly. Now this is very similar to where
it says let us play the men in the text of 2 Samuel 10 verse
12. Translated a little differently
in the authorized version, in fact of interest, is that both
the Septuagint and Jerome's Latin translation also use different
words between these two passages, although in Hebrew they're almost
identical. The verbs mean to behave ourselves
valiantly or to play the man. It literally means to harden
yourself, to strengthen yourself, to be firm in your conduct. Not
merely to wise military policy does Joab appeal, but also to
the manly duty of hardening yourself against dangers. Readiness to
do your duty, being strong and lethal when the situation calls
for it. He says that we should behave
ourselves valiantly to his fellow soldiers for what? What cause? What reason? For our people. and for the cities of our God. For the good of the people the
Lord has put you among, for the inheritance God has granted.
This is Christian patriotism. Love for God, love for our people,
love for our land. That's what he says they're to
fight for. Then verses 14 through 19, Israel is once and again
victorious. This is again a parallel passage,
2 Samuel 10, 13 through 19. Now the vantage point in verse
17 is that David put his battle in array against the Syrians.
In 2 Samuel verse 17 of the 10th chapter, the opposite. The Syrians
set themselves in array against David. Now both are true. They
both set themselves in array against each other. One records
one, the other records the other. Verse 18, there is a reference
to David's slaying of the Syrians 7,000 men, which fought in chariots. stated in 2 Samuel 10, 18, David
slew the men of 700 chariots of the Syrians. So 7,000 versus
700. And we saw this earlier in chapter
18, where there would be a reference to the principal actors in the
chariots, and then those subordinated to them. The Westminster Annotations
comment, They say the chiefest and most principal are set down
in 2 Samuel 10, 18, and the whole number here. So 700 principal
men, 7,000 total men. Also notice verse 18, 40,000 footmen. In
2 Samuel 10, verse 18, 40,000 horsemen. Now this is remarkable. Not only
were 40,000 horsemen slain on horses, maybe with chariots,
but 40,000 footmen. This exalts the greatness of
the victory to 80,000 men, not merely the 40,000 recorded in
2 Samuel 10, verse 18. Here another fragment gathered
up, the amplification of God's greatness and the exaltation
of David and his kingdom here given to us in 1 Chronicles.
Also note that verse 19 tells us that Hadarizer saw that he
was put to the worst, and it says that he made peace with
David. In 2 Samuel 10 verse 19, it says
that they made peace with Israel. Well, which is it? Did you make
peace with David or did you make peace with Israel? And the answer
is yes, both are true. David was the principal magistrate
and so his transactions represent whom? the entire nation. So if
they become servants of David, they're servants of Israel. If
they make peace with David, they make peace with Israel. Both
are true. Matthew Henry comments, making
an interesting application He says, let those who have stood
in vain, stood it out against God, be thus wise for themselves. Remember, these Syrians stood
out against David. They're saying, if you're standing
out against God, be wise for yourself. Agree with him quickly
while you are in the way. And thus far the exposition of
this 19th chapter of the book of First Chronicles.
1 Chronicles 19: OT Scripture Reading
Series OT Scripture Reading
| Sermon ID | 39252142484531 |
| Duration | 13:16 |
| Date | |
| Category | Sunday Service |
| Bible Text | 2 Samuel 10; Psalm 60 |
| Language | English |
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