Men are saved in the same manner in which they were lost. Through the action or act of one man. We are in the section of Romans that began with Chapter 3, verse 21, and runs through chapter 5, talking about our justification. How do we, as fallen, sinful, condemned human beings become righteous before almighty God. We come to verse 12, which builds upon what he has said in the first 11 verses and brings to a conclusion what he has been saying. But, in many ways, it forms a fitting conclusion to everything he has said from chapter 1, verse 18 up to this point. Paul talked about the matter of our condemnation. That we are sinners, guilty before God. Then, he talked about how sinners can be justified. Now, he pulls this all together because he's going to talk about our condemnation and how that really came about in Adam; and our justification and how that really came about in Christ.
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Adam plays the primary role, not Mary Jesus was free from sin, not because of any "Immaculate Conception" of Mary or because of any Gnostic-like ideas that Jesus (not the Son of God) was not conceived in Mary. From the Matthew Henry Concise Commentary,
"Romans 5:12:
12-14 The design of what follows is plain. It is to exalt our views respecting the blessings Christ has procured for us, by comparing them with the evil which followed upon the fall of our first father; and by showing that these blessings not only extend to the removal of these evils, but far beyond. Adam sinning, his nature became guilty and corrupted, and so came to his children. Thus in him all have sinned. And death is by sin; for death is the wages of sin. Then entered all that misery which is the due desert of sin; temporal, spiritual, eternal death. If Adam had not sinned, he had not died; but a sentence of death was passed, as upon a criminal; it passed through all men, as an infectious disease that none escape. In proof of our union with Adam, and our part in his first transgression, observe, that sin prevailed in the world,...the sin of Adam extended to all his posterity. He was a figure or type of Him that was to come as Surety of a new covenant, for all who are related to Him."
In the fall of 1969, Gil began a full-time teaching ministry as Senior Pastor of Indian Hills Community Church. He also earned his Ph.D. from the California Graduate School of Theology. The focus of Pastor Rugh’s ministry is systematic, verse-by-verse teaching of the Bible. As a...