I am currently going through a study, with three others in our church, of Robert Jones’s book Uprooting Anger: Biblical Help for a Common Problem. Though previously very familiar with Jones’s work, this read-through is helping me so much. The Lord is opening my eyes to the subtle ways I rationalize my sinful anger. I pray the Holy Spirit uses this knowledge to make significant progress in my personal sanctification by His grace.

As Jones discusses the difficulty we have discerning the sinfulness of our anger, he writes of the danger of self-deception. “Let’s begin with a humbling observation: most human anger is sinful. The biblical record confirms this. The most frequent Old Testament term for ‘anger’ (Hebrew aph) denotes human anger forty-seven times. And at least forty-two of them—eighty nine percent—indicate sinful anger. While we tend to assume the best about ourselves, the Bible frequently warns against self-deception. We tend to conceal our sins, covering them with spiritual whiteout. We paint our anger as pure. The Bible knows better (Jer 17:9; Eph 4:22; Heb 3:12-13). This simple warning ought to color any consideration of the ‘righteousness’ of our anger. We must approach this question with a keen awareness of this danger.”

He then discusses Jonah’s self-deception as an illustration and concludes, “Given the danger of self-deception, how can we distinguish sinful anger from righteous anger? How can we discern whether our anger is indeed Christlike, how can we do so based on biblical criteria?” From the biblical data he then explains the “three distinguishing marks—three differential criteria—of righteous anger.”

Righteous Anger Reacts against Actual Sin. Righteous anger arises from an accurate perception of true evil, from sin as defined biblically, i.e., as a violation of God’s Word (Rom 3:23; 1 Jn 3:4). Righteous anger does not result from merely being inconvenienced or from violations of personal preference or human tradition.

Righteous Anger Focuses on God and His Kingdom, Rights, and Concerns, Not on Me and My Kingdom, Rights and Concerns. In Scripture, God-centered motives, not self-centered motives, drive righteous anger. Righteous anger focuses on how people offend God and his name, not me and my name. It terminates on God more than me. In other words, accurately viewing something as offensive is not enough. We must view it primarily as offending God.

Righteous Anger Is Accompanied by Other Godly Qualities and Expresses Itself in Godly Ways. Righteous anger remains self-controlled. It keeps its head without cursing, screaming, raging, or flying off the handle. Nor does it spiral downward in self-pity or despair. It does not ignore people, snub people, or withdraw from people.

Jones then supports these three criteria by examining the three occasions when Jesus was angry (Mk 3:1-6; 10:13-16; Jn 2:13-17), and three cases of righteous anger in Saul and Jonathan (1 Sam 11:1-6; 20:24-35).

Uprooting Anger is a penetrating study. I have highly recommended this biblical treatment of anger in the past, but do so again, and agree with Jerry Bridges that it is “far and away the best material on anger I have read.” It is ideal for personal study, one-on-one counseling, and small groups.